TOTAL CHOLESTEROL: Measures the cumulative amount of circulating cholesterol in the blood (including LDL, HDL, and VLDL) to provide a primary baseline for atherogenic cardiovascular risk.

LDL CHOLESTEROL (BAD CHOLESTEROL): Quantifies low-density lipoprotein levels responsible for arterial plaque deposition, atherosclerosis, and long-term coronary artery disease.

HDL CHOLESTEROL (GOOD CHOLESTEROL): Evaluates high-density lipoprotein particles that scavenge excess cholesterol from tissues and peripheral vessels to transport it back to the liver.

TRIGLYCERIDES: Measures blood concentrations of fatty energy-storage molecules; elevated triglycerides are strongly linked to metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and stroke risk.

VLDL & NON-HDL CHOLESTEROL: Calculates very-low-density lipoproteins and total non-HDL atherogenic particles to identify secondary vascular risks often missed by routine LDL screening alone.

CHOLESTEROL / HDL RATIO & ATHEROGENIC INDEX (AIP): Clinical risk formulas assessing the proportional relationship between circulating atherogenic lipoproteins and protective HDL to predict vascular blockage probability.